Romania is a country with a rich tapestry of history, culture, and natural beauty. Its unique charm lies in the diversity of its regions, each with its own distinct characteristics and attractions. Among the primary regions of Romania, Wallachia, Transylvania, Dobrogea, Moldova, Maramures, and Bucovina stand out as exceptional destinations for those seeking a taste of Romania’s unique character.
Historical Wallachia
Walachia, also known as Muntenia, is often considered the heart of Romania. This region is located in the southern part of the country and is known for its historical significance, vibrant cities, and the iconic capital, Bucharest. Wallachia was once the center of the Wallachian and later the Romanian state, and it played a crucial role in the formation of modern Romania.
Bucharest, the capital of Romania, is located in the center of Wallachia. It is a dynamic city known for its eclectic architecture, including the grand Palace of the Parliament, one of the largest administrative buildings in the world. Bucharest is a lively metropolis with a mix of historical charm and modern development. Visitors can explore museums, parks, and a vibrant nightlife scene.
Curtea de Arges was once the capital city of Wallachia when the regions of Romania looked completely different. This town is home to the stunning Curtea de Arges Monastery, a masterpiece of Byzantine architecture. The monastery is famous for its beautiful frescoes and the legend of Master Manole, a tragic love story associated with its construction.
Transylvania
Transylvania is perhaps the most famous of Romania’s regions, largely due to its association with Bram Stoker’s fictional character, Count Dracula. However, there’s much more to Transylvania than vampire legends. Nestled in the heart of the Carpathian Mountains, this region is known for its breathtaking landscapes, medieval towns, and rich cultural heritage.
One of the most picturesque cities in Transylvania, Brasov is surrounded by mountains and offers a blend of medieval and Baroque architecture. The city’s Black Church, a symbol of Gothic architecture, is a must-visit. Nearby, the Bran Castle, often associated with the Dracula legend, is a popular attraction.
Sibiu is another charming Transylvanian city with well-preserved medieval architecture. It boasts a vibrant arts scene, including the Brukenthal National Museum, and a scenic Old Town with cobblestone streets and colorful houses.
Sighisoara, this medieval citadel is a UNESCO World Heritage site and is believed to be the birthplace of Vlad the Impaler, the historical figure who inspired the Dracula myth. Sighisoara is a well-preserved town with a distinctive Clock Tower and charming squares.
Transylvania was not always part of Romania, but after centuries of being separated, the region came back to Romania after the First World War. Here you can read a short history of the region.
Enjoy our private tours in Transylvania:
3 days in Transylvania medieval tour
4 days in Transylvania itinerary
7 days in Transylvania road trip
Moldova
Nestled in the northeastern part of Romania, the region of Moldova is a hidden gem known for its rich cultural heritage, monastic treasures, and winemaking traditions. It’s important to note that this region should not be confused with the Republic of Moldova, which is a separate country. Romanian Moldova is a unique and distinct part of Romania, offering visitors a fascinating journey through history and culture.
At the heart of Moldova lies Iasi, often referred to as the “Cultural Capital” of Romania. This historic city is a testament to the region’s rich history and beautiful architecture. The crown jewel of Iasi is the Palace of Culture, an architectural masterpiece characterized by its neo-Gothic style and adorned with ornate sculptures and colorful tiles. The palace houses several museums, including the Art Museum and the Moldova National Museum Complex, providing a window into the artistic and historical heritage of the region.
But Iasi is not just about grand architecture; it’s also a city of religious significance. The city is home to a number of monasteries and churches, with the Trei Ierarhi Monastery being one of the most prominent. This stunning religious complex is renowned for its intricate stone carvings, frescoes, and the theological significance it holds for the Orthodox faith.
Moldova is a region where traditions and cultural celebrations are cherished and maintained. Visitors to the region have the opportunity to witness and participate in various events that showcase the local culture. One such event is the annual Bear Dance in Comanesti, Bacau, celebrated on Christmas.
The people of Moldova are also known for their traditional craftsmanship, including woodcarving and pottery. Visitors can explore workshops and markets to appreciate and purchase these handmade products, which are a testament to the region’s artistic heritage.
Even though many people consider Moldova as the region covering the whole Northeastern part of Romania, the locals in the 2 northern counties call their region Bucovina.
Bucovina: A Land of Painted Churches
Bucovina, in northeastern Romania, is renowned for its stunning painted monasteries. These architectural gems are known for their vivid frescoes, which have preserved religious stories and historical events for centuries.
Suceava is the gateway to the painted monasteries of Bucovina. It’s a historic city with medieval fortresses, including the Suceava Fortress, which played a crucial role in the region’s history.
The Painted Monasteries of Bucovina (Northern Moldova)
Bucovina is famous for its Painted Monasteries, a group of churches and monasteries that form a UNESCO World Heritage site. These unique religious buildings are characterized by their vibrant frescoes, which narrate religious stories and depict historical events in an engaging and artistic manner. Some of the most well-known of these monasteries include Voronet, Sucevita, and Moldovita.
Voronet Monastery, often referred to as the “Sistine Chapel of the East,” is known for its striking blue color, known as “Voronet blue,” which has captivated artists and historians alike. The vivid frescoes on its exterior walls tell the story of the Last Judgment and other religious narratives, making it a spiritual and artistic marvel.
Sucevita Monastery stands out with its powerful depiction of the Ladder of Divine Ascent on its northern wall. This portrayal is a visual metaphor for the journey of the soul toward God. Sucevita’s frescoes, protected by the northern orientation of the church, are known for their impressive preservation.
Moldovita Monastery, with its striking red and yellow hues, tells the story of the Siege of Constantinople, among other religious themes. The exterior frescoes are not only historically significant but also an artistic testament to the skill of the painters who created them.
These painted monasteries are not only architectural marvels but also serve as repositories of religious history and art, offering a unique and immersive cultural experience for visitors.
Maramures
Maramures, located in the northern part of Romania, is a region where traditions and customs have been remarkably preserved. Its picturesque landscapes, wooden churches, and traditional villages offer a glimpse into a bygone era.
The Barsana Monastery Complex is a testament to Maramures’ rich heritage. Its wooden churches, intricate woodwork, and serene surroundings make it a must-visit site.
The Merry Cemetery in Sapanta is a unique and colorful burial ground where tombstones are adorned with whimsical epitaphs that tell the life stories of the deceased.
Discover the amazing tours in Bucovina and Maramures:
10 days in Romania itinerary
2 weeks in Romania Unesco tour
9 days in Romania – Bucovina & Maramures tour
9 days in Romania - Tour of Bucovina & Maramures
Dobrogea
Dobrogea is a unique region in southeastern Romania, known for its diverse cultural influences and beautiful landscapes. This region is situated along the Black Sea coast and is home to various ethnic groups, including Romanians, Tatars, and Turks.
The largest city in Dobrogea, Constanta, is a bustling port and a historical treasure trove. The city features the impressive Constanta Casino, Ovid Square, and the Great Mahmudiye Mosque, reflecting the region’s cultural diversity.
A UNESCO World Heritage site, the Danube Delta is a vast wetland ecosystem where the Danube River flows into the Black Sea. It is a haven for birdwatchers, nature enthusiasts, and those looking to explore its intricate network of canals and floating villages.
Romania is a country of remarkable diversity, and its main regions offer a unique blend of history, culture, and natural beauty. From the vibrant cities of Wallachia to the enchanting landscapes of Transylvania, the multicultural heritage of Dobrogea, the rich cultural legacy of Moldova, the preserved traditions of Maramures, and the painted monasteries of Bucovina, Romania has something to offer every traveler.
Whether you’re drawn to history, art, nature, or folklore, the regions of Romania promise an unforgettable experience. Exploring these regions is not just a journey through Romania’s past, but also an immersion in its vibrant present.